Gum disease is one of the most common oral health problems, and one of the easiest to miss, because it is usually painless in the early stages. Spotting the signs early makes treatment simpler and protects your teeth for life.
Seven early warning signs
- Gums that bleed when you brush or floss
- Red, swollen or tender gums
- Persistent bad breath or a bad taste in the mouth
- Gums pulling away from the teeth, making them look longer
- Pus between the teeth and gums
- Teeth that feel loose or have shifted
- A change in the way your teeth fit together when you bite
Healthy gums are firm, pale pink and don't bleed. Bleeding is not normal. It's a sign of inflammation.
Gingivitis vs periodontitis
Gingivitis is the early stage: the gums are inflamed because of plaque build-up. It's completely reversible with professional cleaning and good brushing and flossing. Periodontitis is the advanced stage, where infection has spread below the gum line and begun to destroy the bone and tissue that support your teeth. It can't be completely cured, but it can be controlled with treatment and regular maintenance.
Who is at risk?
- Smokers and tobacco users
- People with diabetes
- Those who don't brush and floss well or skip dental check-ups
- People with a family history of gum disease
- Hormonal changes, such as pregnancy, can increase gum inflammation
How is gum disease treated?
Early cases usually need a professional scaling and polishing and better home care. More advanced disease is treated with deep cleaning (scaling and root planing) below the gum line and, in some cases, a small gum procedure called flap surgery to clean deep pockets. Regular maintenance visits help keep the disease under control.
How to protect your gums
- Brush twice a day with a soft brush and fluoride toothpaste
- Clean between your teeth every day: floss or interdental brushes
- Avoid tobacco in all forms
- Visit your dentist every six months, or as often as advised
If your gums bleed, don't wait. Learn about gum disease treatment at Shree Hari Dental Care or book a gum check.
This article is for general education and isn't a substitute for a dental examination. Every mouth is different, so book a consultation for advice about your own teeth.
Related treatment
Periodontics
Treat bleeding, swollen or receding gums: deep cleaning, flap surgery and gingival therapy.